Upagrahas (Sub-Planets)
In Vedic astrology, Upagrahas (उपग्रह) are mathematical points that act as sub-planets or satellites. As defined by Sage Parasara, there are 11 upagrahas that do not correspond to any physical celestial bodies but represent significant mathematical points in a birth chart.
Upagrahas are generally considered malefic in nature. The houses occupied by these sub-planets in a rasi chart or divisional charts are often considered to be negatively affected or "spoiled" by their presence.
Sun-based Upagrahas
Five upagrahas are calculated based on the Sun's longitude. These include Dhuma, Vyatipaata, Parivesha, Indrachaapa, and Upaketu.
Other Upagrahas
Six upagrahas are calculated based on the day or night of birth and the ruling planets of different time segments. These include Kaala, Mrityu, Arthaprahaara, Yamaghantaka, Gulika, and Maandi.
Significance in Chart Analysis
Upagrahas play an important role in advanced Vedic astrological analysis. Their positions in a birth chart can indicate potential challenges, obstacles, or areas of life that may experience difficulties.
| Upagraha Type | Number | Calculation Basis | Nature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sun-based | 5 | Sun's longitude | Malefic |
| Time-based | 6 | Day/night divisions and planetary rulers | Malefic (with varying qualities) |
Understanding the placement and influence of upagrahas requires advanced knowledge of Vedic astrology. These mathematical points add another layer of complexity and precision to chart interpretation, allowing for more nuanced predictions and analysis.