Other Upagrahas
In addition to the five sun-based upagrahas, Sage Parasara defined six other upagrahas that are calculated based on the day or night of birth and the planetary rulers of different time segments. These upagrahas are more complex to calculate but provide valuable insights in chart analysis.
Calculation Method
The calculation of these upagrahas involves dividing the day or night of birth into eight equal parts and identifying the ruling planets of each part. The process is as follows:
- Determine whether the birth occurred during day (sunrise to sunset) or night (sunset to sunrise).
- Divide the day or night into 8 equal parts.
- Assign planetary rulers to each part according to specific rules:
- For daytime births: The first part is ruled by the lord of the weekday, and then planets follow in the order of weekdays (Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn). The part after Saturn is lord-less.
- For nighttime births: The first part is ruled by the 5th planet from the lord of the weekday, and then planets follow in the order of weekdays.
- Calculate the upagrahas based on the rising ascendant at specific points within these planetary parts.
| Upagraha | Calculation | Nature |
|---|---|---|
| Kaala | Rises at the middle of Sun's part | Malefic similar to Sun |
| Mrityu | Rises at the middle of Mars's part | Malefic similar to Mars |
| Arthaprahaara | Rises at the middle of Mercury's part | Similar to Mercury |
| Yamaghantaka | Rises at the middle of Jupiter's part | Similar to Jupiter |
| Gulika | Rises at the middle of Saturn's part | Malefic similar to Saturn |
| Maandi | Rises at the beginning of Saturn's part | Malefic similar to Saturn |
Example Calculation
Let's consider an example for calculating Yamaghantaka for someone born on a Thursday night:
Suppose night starts at 6 pm and ends at 6 am the next day. From the planetary rulership table, Jupiter rules the 4th part of a Thursday night.
- Each part is 12 hours ÷ 8 = 1.5 hours long.
- The 4th part starts 4.5 hours after sunset (6 pm + 4.5 hours = 10:30 pm) and ends 1.5 hours later at midnight.
- The middle point of Jupiter's part is at 11:15 pm.
- Yamaghantaka's longitude is determined by finding the ascendant (lagna) rising at 11:15 pm.
Kaala
Kaala means "time" or "death" and represents areas where timing is crucial or where endings may occur.
Mrityu
Mrityu means "death" and represents areas of potential danger, conflict, or transformation.
Arthaprahaara
Arthaprahaara relates to financial or material losses and represents areas where resources may be depleted.
Yamaghantaka
Yamaghantaka means "destroyer of death" and represents areas where one may overcome obstacles or challenges.
Gulika
Gulika is considered one of the most malefic points and represents areas of potential hardship or delay.
Maandi
Maandi is similar to Gulika and represents areas of potential restriction or limitation.