Sun-based Upagrahas
According to Sage Parasara, five upagrahas are calculated based on the Sun's longitude. These mathematical points are considered highly malefic in nature. Any houses occupied by these upagrahas in a rasi chart or divisional charts are considered to be negatively affected or "spoiled" by their presence.
Calculation Method
The five sun-based upagrahas are calculated using specific formulas based on the Sun's longitude. These calculations create a network of mathematical points that are exactly or approximately 180° apart from each other in certain pairs.
| Upagraha | Longitude Formula |
|---|---|
| Dhuma | Sun's longitude + 133°20' |
| Vyatipaata | 360° - Dhuma's longitude |
| Parivesha | Vyatipaata's longitude + 180° |
| Indrachaapa | 360° - Parivesha's longitude |
| Upaketu | Indrachaapa's longitude + 16°40' (or Sun's longitude - 30°) |
It's worth noting that Dhuma and Indrachaapa are 180° apart, and Vyatipaata and Parivesha are also 180° apart. This creates a symmetrical pattern of these malefic points across the zodiac.
Example Calculation
Let's walk through an example of calculating sun-based upagrahas:
Suppose Sun is at 9° Sagittarius 36'. Sagittarius is the 9th rasi, so Sun's longitude can be expressed as 8 signs 9° 36' or 249° 36'.
- Dhuma: Sun's longitude + 133° 20' = 249° 36' + 133° 20' = 382° 56'
Subtracting 360° (one full circle): 382° 56' - 360° = 22° 56'
So Dhuma is at 22° 56' in Aries. - Vyatipaata: 360° - Dhuma's longitude = 360° - 22° 56' = 337° 04'
This corresponds to 7° 04' in Pisces. - Parivesha: Vyatipaata's longitude + 180° = 337° 04' + 180° = 517° 04'
Subtracting 360°: 517° 04' - 360° = 157° 04'
This corresponds to 7° 04' in Virgo. - Indrachaapa: 360° - Parivesha's longitude = 360° - 157° 04' = 202° 56'
This corresponds to 22° 56' in Libra. - Upaketu: Indrachaapa's longitude + 16° 40' = 202° 56' + 16° 40' = 219° 36'
This corresponds to 9° 36' in Scorpio.
Dhuma
Dhuma means "smoke" and represents obscuration or confusion. It can indicate areas where clarity is lacking.
Vyatipaata
Vyatipaata means "calamity" and can indicate areas of potential disaster or sudden disruption.
Parivesha
Parivesha means "halo" or "enclosure" and represents areas where one may feel trapped or confined.
Indrachaapa
Indrachaapa means "rainbow" or "Indra's bow" and represents areas of potential conflict or tension.
Upaketu
Upaketu is related to Ketu and represents areas of potential detachment or spiritual challenges.